Extracurricular activities and labor market entry among psychology students: A narrative review with a structured search (Actividades extracurriculares e inserción laboral en estudiantes de psicología: Una revisión narrativa con búsqueda estructurada)

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Andrea Cerda González
María Jesús Valenzuela González

Resumen

Abstract: Background: Employability gaps among psychology graduates represent a significant challenge for higher education worldwide. This study aimed to synthesize empirical evidence on the relationship between extracurricular activities and labor market entry among psychology students through a narrative review based on a structured search informed by selected PRISMA 2020 reporting guidelines. Method: Seven studies published between 2012 and 2025 were included. They were identified through a structured search using digital tools to support the review of the academic literature. Results: The findings were organized into four main dimensions: the development of transferable skills, the construction of professional networks, the clarification of vocational identity, and inequalities in access to these experiences. Conclusions: The results suggest that activities such as volunteering, internships, research experiences, and service-learning practices may facilitate the transition to the labor market by enabling students to apply knowledge in real-world contexts, develop practical skills, and establish contact with supervisors and potential employers. However, the evidence also indicates that access to these opportunities is not equitable. Implications: The findings highlight the need for greater institutional recognition of extracurricular activities and the promotion of equitable access to these opportunities.


Keywords: Employability; extracurricular activities; higher education; work readiness; professional development.


Resumen: Antecedentes: Las brechas de empleabilidad en graduados de psicología constituyen un desafío relevante en la educación superior a nivel internacional. El objetivo de este estudio fue sintetizar evidencia empírica sobre la relación entre actividades extracurriculares e inserción laboral en estudiantes de psicología, mediante una revisión narrativa basada en una búsqueda estructurada guiada por algunos lineamientos PRISMA 2020. Método: Se incluyeron siete estudios publicados entre 2012 y 2025, identificados a través de una búsqueda estructurada mediante herramientas digitales de apoyo a la revisión de literatura académica. Resultados: Los hallazgos se organizan en cuatro dimensiones principales: desarrollo de competencias transferibles, construcción de redes profesionales, clarificación de la identidad vocacional y desigualdades en el acceso a estas experiencias. Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren que actividades como el voluntariado, los internados, las experiencias de investigación y las prácticas de aprendizaje-servicio podrían favorecer la transición al mundo laboral, al facilitar la aplicación del conocimiento en contextos reales, el desarrollo de habilidades prácticas y la generación de oportunidades de contacto con supervisores y potenciales empleadores. No obstante, la evidencia también indica que el acceso a estas oportunidades no es equitativo. Implicaciones: Se plantea la necesidad de avanzar hacia un mayor reconocimiento institucional de las actividades extracurriculares y promover condiciones de acceso equitativas.


Palabras clave: Empleabilidad; actividades extracurriculares; educación superior; preparación para el trabajo; desarrollo profesional.


Resumo: Antecedentes: As lacunas de empregabilidade entre graduados em psicologia constituem um desafio relevante para o ensino superior em âmbito internacional. O objetivo deste estudo foi sintetizar evidências empíricas sobre a relação entre atividades extracurriculares e inserção no mercado de trabalho de estudantes de psicologia, por meio de uma revisão narrativa baseada em uma busca estruturada orientada por algumas diretrizes de relato do PRISMA 2020. Método: Foram incluídos sete estudos publicados entre 2012 e 2025, identificados por meio de uma busca estruturada com o uso de ferramentas digitais de apoio à revisão da literatura acadêmica. Resultados: Os achados foram organizados em quatro dimensões principais: desenvolvimento de competências transferíveis, construção de redes profissionais, clarificação da identidade vocacional e desigualdades no acesso a essas experiências. Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem que atividades como voluntariado, estágios, experiências de pesquisa e práticas de aprendizagem-serviço podem favorecer a transição para o mercado de trabalho, ao possibilitarem a aplicação do conhecimento em contextos reais, o desenvolvimento de habilidades práticas e a criação de oportunidades de contato com supervisores e potenciais empregadores. No entanto, as evidências também indicam que o acesso a essas oportunidades não é equitativo. Implicações: Destaca-se a necessidade de avançar em direção a um maior reconhecimento institucional das atividades extracurriculares e de promover condições equitativas de acesso.


Palavras-chave: Empregabilidade; atividades extracurriculares; ensino superior; preparação para o trabalho; desenvolvimento profissional.

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Cerda González, A., & Valenzuela González, M. J. (2026). Extracurricular activities and labor market entry among psychology students: A narrative review with a structured search (Actividades extracurriculares e inserción laboral en estudiantes de psicología: Una revisión narrativa con búsqueda estructurada). Ibero-American Journal of Psychology and Public Policy, 3(2), Online First. https://doi.org/10.56754/2810-6598.2026.0070
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